BLUF: This study investigated the trunk muscle nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR) in individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP) compared to pain-free controls. The results showed that individuals with CLBP displayed modified patterns of NWR responses, with increased activation of abdominal muscles and decreased occurrence of erector spinae muscle responses. These findings suggest changes in the organization and excitability of spinal networks controlling trunk muscles, which may contribute to altered spine motor control in CLBP.
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